The use of antithesis plays a significant role in the composition of Leo Tolstoy's story "After the Ball." Tolstoy goes beyond simply contrasting the scenes of a dazzling ball and a horrific execution. The originality of the story lies in the fact that the writer does not adhere to the common concept of self-sacrifice or love as a force that overcomes death or suffering. Therefore, it is the second part of the story that becomes the centerpiece of the work. It encapsulates the main idea that personal happiness is selfish, and that individuals should turn to universal love or changing the order of things.
In the exploration of hypocrisy within the state system or secular society, antithesis is also employed. The politeness of Colonel B. at the ball is juxtaposed with his callousness during the execution. This contrast is emphasized by a vivid detail - the suede glove and homemade boots.